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Examples of nerve endings12/4/2023 ![]() Muscle spindles that detect changes in the length of this muscle. Proprioception relies on two, primary stretch receptors: Golgi tendon organs and muscle spindles. Proprioception is the sense of the position of parts of our body and force being generated during movement. There are fewer Pacinian corpuscles and Ruffini endings in the skin than there are Merkel’s disks and Meissner’s corpuscles. Pacinian receptors detect pressure and vibration by being compressed, which stimulates their internal dendrites. Pacinian corpuscles, located deep in the dermis are rapidly-adapting mechanoreceptors that sense deep, transient (not prolonged) pressure, and high-frequency vibration. These are slow-adapting, encapsulated mechanoreceptors that detect skin stretch and deformations within joints. They respond to fine touch and pressure, but they also respond to low-frequency vibration or flutter. Deeper in the dermis, near the base, are Ruffini endings, which are also known as bulbous corpuscles. Meissner’s corpuscles are found primarily in the glabrous skin on the fingertips and eyelids. They are slow-adapting, unencapsulated nerve endings, which respond to light touch. Merkel’s disks are densely distributed in the fingertips and lips. Merkel’s disks are found in the upper layers of skin. Pacinian corpuscles detect transient pressure and high-frequency vibration. Ruffini endings detect stretch, deformation within joints, and warmth. Meissner’s corpuscles respond to touch and low-frequency vibration. Meissner’s corpuscles, Ruffini endings, Pacinian corpuscles, and Krause end bulbs are all encapsulated. Merkel’s disks, which are unencapsulated, respond to light touch. Primary mechanoreceptors: Four of the primary mechanoreceptors in human skin are shown.
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